Discovering Swiss Mountain Dogs: History, Breeds & Care
Are you familiar with the magnificent Swiss Mountain Dogs, and aware of their near extinction? These powerful and affectionate canines, once on the brink, have made a remarkable comeback, showcasing their resilience and the dedication of those who championed their preservation.
In the early years of the 20th century, a pivotal figure emerged: Professor Albert Heim. Recognizing the critical importance of these breeds, he initiated targeted breeding programs aimed at safeguarding and promoting them. His efforts proved instrumental in the survival of these dogs.
The Great Swiss Mountain Dogs have achieved numerous prestigious accolades, including top honors at Crufts! A particular highlight was the success of the magnificent Annie Oakley di Ca' dla Pia, bred by Emilio Landini and owned by Davide Strada. She secured the 1st place in the Veteran Female class, also claiming Best Veteran and a commendable 4th place in the Open class.
The Swiss Mountain Dogs, often referred to as Sennenhunde, are a family of four distinct breeds. These dogs were carefully selected by Swiss farmers in the Swiss Alps to assist with various tasks on their farms. They are instantly recognizable due to their tri-colored coats, which typically feature a combination of black, white, and rust or tan markings. Their size varies from medium to large, with the largest breed, the Great Swiss Mountain Dog, reaching up to 72 cm at the withers.
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Common Name | Swiss Mountain Dogs, Sennenhunde |
| Origin | Switzerland |
| Ancestry | Descended from Molossers, with roots traced back to the Tibetan Mastiff brought to Europe by the Romans. |
| Breeds in the Family | Bernese Mountain Dog, Appenzeller Sennenhund, Entlebucher Mountain Dog, Greater Swiss Mountain Dog |
| Coat Characteristics | Typically tricolor (black, white, and rust/tan). The Great Swiss Mountain Dog has a short coat, while the Bernese Mountain Dog has a long coat. |
| Temperament | Known for being affectionate, loyal, and good-natured. They bond strongly with their families. Require training due to their size and strength. |
| Historical Role | Used as working dogs in the Swiss Alps. They assisted farmers with tasks such as guarding, herding, and draft work. |
| Modern Role | Companion animals. Many are still used for dog sports and working roles. |
| Size | Varies by breed. Great Swiss Mountain Dogs are the largest, while the Entlebucher Mountain Dog is the smallest. |
| Longevity | Varies by breed, but generally between 7-10 years. |
| Notable organizations | Swiss Kennel Club (SCS), American Kennel Club (AKC), The Kennel Club (UK) |
| Reference website | American Kennel Club |
The roots of all Swiss Mountain Dog breeds can be traced back at least 2,000 years. Their ancestry, much like that of the Molosser breeds, includes the Tibetan Mastiff, brought to Europe by the Romans. From this foundation, the Swiss Shepherd Dog evolved, which ultimately played a crucial role in the development of the modern-day Swiss Mountain Dog breeds.
The Bernese Mountain Dog, one of the four distinct breeds, hails from the Mittelland region of Bern. With a sturdy build, robust legs, and long, soft fur, it resembles a friendly teddy bear. Its muzzle conveys a gentle disposition. The Bernese Mountain Dog is known for its friendly, loyal nature and their strong bond with families, and are often considered excellent family pets.
In Langenthal, Switzerland, in 1908, an exhibition commemorated the 25th anniversary of the Swiss Kennel Club (SCS). Professor A. Heim, a dedicated advocate for Swiss Mountain Dog breeds, was presented with two examples of these breeds. This event was a significant step in recognizing their importance and initiating efforts towards their preservation.
While the Swiss Mountain Dogs, particularly the Great Swiss Mountain Dog, have achieved considerable success, their story wasn't always one of triumph. They once faced the very real threat of extinction. Fortunately, dedicated individuals recognized their value and spearheaded breeding programs in the early 20th century. These initiatives proved successful, and today, the Swiss Mountain Dogs are thriving.
Swiss Mountain Dogs, excluding the Swiss breeds, are categorized under Group 2, encompassing working dogs and cattle dogs. This classification reflects their historical roles and distinct traits.
The history of the Great Swiss Mountain Dog stretches back centuries, when they were indispensable working companions in the mountainous regions of Switzerland. These dogs were highly valued for their strength and endurance, qualities vital in the demanding Swiss agricultural environments.
The Great Swiss Mountain Dog, also known as the "Grosser Schweizer Sennenhund," is one of the four Swiss Mountain Dog varieties. They are generally the largest of the four breeds, with a shorter coat and a heavier build compared to the Bernese Mountain Dog, and their size demands proper training.
Despite their imposing size, Great Swiss Mountain Dogs are renowned for their gentle and amiable personalities. They are loyal and affectionate dogs that form strong bonds with their human families. It is also important to provide proper training and socialization from a young age to effectively manage their size and strength.
The Appenzeller Sennenhund, much like all of the Swiss Mountain Dogs, was selectively bred by mountain farmers. They served as herding dogs and guardians. Their intelligence, bravery, and tireless work ethic make them invaluable both as working dogs and as cherished family members. They are an intelligent, brave, and tireless helper.
The Bernese Mountain Dog is included within the Swiss Mountain Dogs, a group comprising different dog breeds. These breeds share distinct characteristics and historical roles in assisting humans. The Bernese Mountain Dog is a loyal companion, but as a working dog, it can be very useful.
The breed has been subject to some variance over the centuries, but it remains easily recognizable. The dog has a strong appearance, making it easy to distinguish. The similarities are undeniable; and the demand for the St. Bernard was clear.
Swiss Mountain Dogs perform various tasks beyond herding livestock, leading to the decision to keep them separate from the standard herding group.
Swiss Mountain Dogs are four types of Molosser dogs, derived from the Tibetan Mastiff, brought to Europe by the ancient Roman legions.
The Swiss Mountain Dog breeds are distinguished by their characteristic tri-color coats (white, black, and tan/rust): the Bernese Mountain Dog, the Appenzeller, the Entlebucher, and the Great Swiss Mountain Dog.
The Great Swiss Mountain Dog is a large, sturdy, and lively dog characterized by a massive head and an alert, intelligent gaze. Their triangular, pendant ears, and muscular, robust limbs are perfectly balanced. Their tails are never curled but fall naturally. These features contribute to the breed's overall impressive appearance.
The Bernese Mountain Dog is a magnificent-looking dog. Both sweet and powerful, it can enhance the everyday lives of people of all ages. While not a strong hunter, it is a great guardian, and it thrives in a rural lifestyle where it can expend its energy.
There is a Facebook page called "Berner Rescue Center Italia" (rescue for Swiss Mountain Dogs), the first and only rescue organization for Swiss Mountain Dogs, which cares for Bernese Mountain Dogs and other dogs in need.
The sizes of these breeds, as well as their coat patterns, are quite diverse. However, a particular characteristic concerning this aspect determines the division of the Swiss Mountain Dogs into two different categories based on geographical origin: the Swiss Mountain Dogs and the non-Swiss Mountain Dogs.
